Pica eating disorder in adults9/24/2023 ![]() For instance, obese individuals with the disorder show higher levels of overvaluation of body weight and shape. Nevertheless, some features help to distinguish between the two. Obesity shares a few characteristics with binge-eating disorder as well. Therefore, the means based on dietary restrictions represent a major feature of bulimia nervosa but do not correspond to binge-eating disorder. Although patients with binge-eating disorder may also make some attempts at dieting, they are typically not as frequent do not have certain restrictions. ![]() Moreover, people with bulimia nervosa are generally enthusiastic about their sustained dietary restrictions, which are meant to influence their body shape or weight. Bulimia nervosa typically features recurrent inappropriate compensatory behavior, which is absent in the case of binge-eating disorder. ![]() Symptoms presented in the scenario may correspond to several diseases, such as bulimia nervosa and obesity. She says that currently, she does not try to influence her weight. Eating excessive food, according to her, is followed by embarrassment and depressing thoughts. Clinical scenarios Scenario 1: Binge-Eating DisorderĪn obese female presents to the office and states that she has a sense of lack of control over the amount of food she consumes. Prognosis: Realizing the underlying medical condition, emotional state, or disorder allows for a comprehensive understanding of the nature of pica disorder and ensures an accurate prognosis. Management: Helping alter eating patterns and the perception of certain nonfood substances, preventing new cases.Ĭomplications: Often leads to emergencies due to the consumption of potentially dangerous nonfood substances. Workup: Examining the objects that are typically consumed by the patients and analyzing the frequency and the reasons behind such practice. Moreover, blood tests can point to poisoning or infection. Ultrasound, abdominal flat plate radiography, and other scanning methods can reveal consumed objects. In many cases, the occurrence of pica becomes vivid only after an emergency, such as poisoning. There are generally no biological abnormalities associated with such practice. Generally, for all people who are 2 years old and older, consuming such substances is developmentally inappropriate, given that it is not a part of culturally supported normative practice.Ĭlinical presentation: Eating non-food substances is generally the only feature that supports the diagnosis. Such practice may lead to numerous medical emergencies of all types, from acute weight loss to poisoning.ĭiagnostic Criteria: Eating nonnutritive and nonfood substances, including paper, soap, cloth, hair, string, wool, soil, chalk, talcum powder, paint, gum, metal, and other types. People suffering from the disorder eat nonnutritive and nonfood substances on a persistent basis for at least one month. Pathophysiology: The disorder most commonly occurs in childhood, although adolescence and adulthood onset are also reported. Risk factors: Lack of supervision, neglect and developmental delay are the main risk factors. When eating behavior is inappropriate to the development level of the individual, it is also considered a pica disorder. Pica Disorderĭefinition: Persistent eating of nonnutritive, nonfood substances over at least 1 month or the eating behavior is not part of a culturally supported or socially normative practice (American Psychiatric Association, 2013, p. Prognosis: Studying the severity of binge-eating, physiological reasons behind such eating patterns, and all the disorders which are typically initiated by binge-eating provides basic data that allows for prognosis. 268).Ĭomplications: Hormonal abnormalities, sensitivity to temperature, dental problems. Altering patients’ perceptions of food, weight loss, and body shape/size are instrumental in ensuring the long-term effect of clinical management (Black & Andreasen, 2020, p. Eating behaviors should be changed in a way that helps accept a more sustainable diet. Treatment aims to reduce the binge-eating frequency and disordered eating-related cognitions, improve metabolic health and weight, and regulate mood (Brownley et al., 2016, Abstract). Management: Restoring a normal nutritional state by providing a plan and encouraging patients is a vital part of treatment. ![]()
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